Berlin calling

Took a nearly spontaneous trip to Berlin in the last days of May. I had had the intension to visit the capital of Germany for many years, yet I must have lacked a proper incentive to get my act to together and venture there. Actually, I was first inspired to travel to Berlin around the age of 15 when I was fascinated by U2 music, where the theme of many songs was the very capital of reunified Germany, besides another inducement came from watching “Wings of desire”, a film by Wim Wenders, shot in 1987 in West Berlin. And it has been the unbidden desire (further on it in some time) that spurred the very decision to book the accommodation in the capital of Germany and try to catch the climate of the city, in the meantime taking a break from everything and everyone.

A resident of Warsaw has basically three options to get to Berlin.

Firstly, by plane. The only airline operating flights between Warsaw and Berlin is Air Berlin (Lufthansa Group). One can choose from around four flights per day, while the price of a return ticket may reach no less than PLN 400, or even lower if you opt for cabin-luggage-only rate. In terms of travel time, the superior option.

Secondly, by passenger train. The services between Warsaw and Berlin are run by Deutsche Bahn and PKP Intercity. The journey lasts nearly six hours station-to-station and costs less than EUR 100, if the former carrier is chosen or I do not know how much if tickets from the Polish train operator are bought, since they are not available online.

The drawback of the options above is that you cannot make any stopovers along the way (something I have planned for my journey) therefore I had chosen to get there by car. On the way to Berlin I popped by my friend in Poznan and spent a few hours with his family, on the way back I took a detour via Wroclove. The benefit of such option might be the cost per person, increased with the number of passenger of board, another drawback is the fact you need to find an accommodation with parking space or pay for a  hotel garage (getting about Berlin by vehicle would be a crass stupidity) – after all a car is a liability as well.

While dropping in on Berlin, it is definitely worth to take an S-Bahn train to Potsdam. The ride last less than an hour and brings the opportunity to stroll around a picturesque, well-preserved palace and garden complex. While I visited the site, the sun was scorching, temperature was reaching +30C and though the weather was taking the gloss off the spirit of the place, the scent of magnificence and history was felt in the air.

The sites on my trail around Berlin were nearly all linked to the history of the city, especially to the period when Berlin was split into two cities separated by the concrete wall, being the symbol of divided Europe. To the right – East Side Gallery, a fragment of the wall on the eastern bank of Spree river which has been redeveloped by graffiti artists, although with far lower degree of freedom than e.g. at the wall of Sluzewiec horse race track in Warsaw.

Such border markings are present in many places in Berlin, however since post-border premises have been quickly developed, had it not been for the markings, you would not have told where the wall stood. To the right, a marking in Gedenkstaette Berliner Mauer, a commemoration site located in northern Berlin in the middle of the housing estate, where the wall used to tear the city apart.

Unlike Warsaw, Berlin has not cracked down on communist symbols as fiercely as Warsaw did in early 1990s and as it senselessly continues to do. To the right, I am standing at the intersection of literally Karl Marx Avenue and Paris Commune Street (unthinkable in Warsaw, even though both the philosopher and the Paris Commune had nothing to do with felonies of communism committed in the twentieth century).

Karl Marx Strasse was the thoroughfare of East Berlin, designed and built in the spirit of megalomaniac architectural style of 1950s. The place reminds of locality of Marszałkowska Dzielnica Mieszkaniowa in Warsaw. As I have learnt from information boards, in the early 1990s the buildings were dilapidated, yet the city took the effort to restore them to original state (rather not glory), so instead of erasing the bleak history of Berlin, next generations are meant to remember this used to be a capital of communist Germany.

Another such example, a Soviet War memorial in Tiergarten Park, less than half a mile from the Brandenburger Tor. Actually such sites are hidden in many Polish cities, including Warsaw (east side of ul. Żwirki i Wigury) and Wrocław (between Al. Wyścigowa and Al. Karkonoska).

Close to the very centre of Berlin is the Holocaust Memorial (Memorial of Murdered Jews in Europe) erected in 2005 and paid for by the government of Germany. 2,711 stone blocks symbolise the number of pages of Talmud. The very fact such place can be found at the very heart of Berlin proves well Germany is not afraid of speaking of its past sins and apologising for them.

Topography of Terror, an open-air museum in turn reminds of the dark period of 1933-1945 when Germany was under the rule of Nazis. This shameful heritage is presented in full light, with no understatements and no attempts to justify the evil. Germans can be proud of having atoned for its country’s sins and thus have set themselves free of the burden of history.

Not far lies another place which bears testimony to differences in approach to history by Germans and Poles. Checkpoint Charlie, the most famous border crossing in torn apart Berlin. The blood-tainted site is now surrounded by two fast food restaurants and if you turned around you would spot a pink pipeline. It is worthwhile to visit an open-air Soviet bloc museum, bringing close the dramatic history of the eastern side of the Iron Curtain.

The TV broadcasting tower, over 300 metres high is the highest landmark in the capital of Germany. For everyone fond of watching the world from above, this is definitely a recommendable attraction, since a lift, running at average ear-clogging speed of 6 metres per second carries you to an observation deck (price: EUR 14 before discounts).

To the right – one of many shots taken from the viewing platform (I must confess I found the open-air one in Frankfurt superior). My compact Olympus bought five years ago and used currently only during holiday trips has been up to the mark, as for its class. The optical 12.5x zoom gave the satisfying quality of the close-up photo, needless to say the photo contains details not visible by human eyes from such distance. Note the large green area, the Tiergarten park, a place in the centre of Warsaw I would miss.

Berliners can boast of developing the banks of Spree perfectly. The river and the city have been brought into one and river banks are excellent leisure spots, with several restaurants and hang-out areas.

After driving around 300 kilometres around German motorways, I confess newly-built Polish ones lie far ahead the legendary German motorways. On the way there I got stuck for an hours in a traffic jam on a modernised motorway ahead of Berlin; the inner bypass of the capital is plagued by dense traffic (although it is a motorway, three-digit speed in kmph is out of reach) and by traffic jams during rush hours. To the right, somewhere near Dresden, while driving from Berlin to Wroclove. Tip – if you take this route by car, avoid DK18 between Olszyna and A4 motorway in Poland. Wroclove-bound lanes made of concrete slabs of this dual carriageway date back to Hitler and perhaps have never been repaired. Outcome – maximum speed of 80 kmph at times is too much.

Then I spent another day in Wroclove, recharging batteries and roaming around my beloved places. Those, by all accounts, were the best moments of the trip. Here, at the fountain park next to Hala Stulecia, my feet soak in water, my body basks in the early-June sun. Moment taken and made perfect, worries shelved.

Took a tram to Plac Grunwaldzki then and march towards Ostrow Tumski. Passed by Katedra Św. Jana and headed towards Most Tumski, being also called the bridge of lovers who hang there padlocks with their names. School trips seasons was at its height, so the side effect of visiting the place was enduring the gaggle of teenagers.

Further on foot to Wyspa Slodowa, a gorgeous hang-out for students and teenagers, for meet-ups with friends, dating and sipping wine or beer. The place is illuminated by late-afternoon sunlight. Temperature is ideal, just slightly above +20C. For some reason, Wroclove is the only place outside Warsaw that feels like home.

Towards the end of my trip, the market square, lively place, full of tourists and open restaurants. I have been there so many times that this spot beckons less than other beloved sites, but if you drop in on Wroclove, not turning up here is a shame.

Spent the second half of fortnight-long holidays at home, catching up with meeting friends I had been hanging back on seeing, ticking off items from a list of overdue stuff to handle and trying to figure out what the future holds. Since situation on the front is quite dynamic, I am holding back from saving this for posterity. Once it clears up whether it falls apart or keeps going, I will keep a record of burning hot spring I have experienced in 2017. Unquestionably, the holidays drawing to a close were my best since 2014. Hope the ultimately best are still ahead.

The German break

As promised, some succinct impressions from the recent holiday trip to Poland’s western neighbour… Then giving way to has been going on in domestic politics.

The Lufthansa

Was my first encounter to the German airline and the impression is very positive. The class of its own, as my friend accurately summarised the operations of the company. I reserved the flights more than three months in advance and, tipped off by another friend that flights between Warsaw and Frankfurt am Main are served interchangeably by PLL LOT and Lufthansa and each flight has a pool of tickets offered by each of the airlines, settle for the German airline. Oddly enough, PLL LOT tickets are sold-out much earlier, Lufthansa tickets are much cheaper (I flew there and back for mere 512 PLN!), on top of that PLL LOT is loss-making, while Lufthansa fetches some, indeed meagre, yet still, profits. And chances of passengers clapping their hands after successful touchdown are marginal. On my way there some folks sitting in a row behind, in economy class as well, were weighing in clapping, but eventually gave up on their plan. Whoever has come up with such custom, has left me bemused. Even if the touchdown is impressively gentle, applause after an ordinary part of a pilot’s job implies lack of trust in pilot’s skills…

The airport

My colleagues who fly frequently tried to frighten me by telling the airport is dreadfully huge and it is easy to get lost. Utter rubbish. The airport is indeed dauntingly spacious, but signage is excellent and losing one’s way is virtually impossible, especially in arrival or transfer zones. The airport follows the trend of letting the passengers serve themselves to the extent which it is possible. Large number of self check-in kiosks and luggage drop-off counters combined with few open check-in desks and huge queues to them encourage passengers to do the check-in themselves. Before my return flight the whole procedure (check-in, shipping luggage and going through security) lasted mere four and a half minutes. Then I could enjoy the sight of bars of chocolates for dirt cheap EUR 8.90 – a snip, in the duty-free. The only drawback of the airport, serving vast number of flights are long times of waiting for the take-off or touch-down… Its other huge advantages are the proximity to the centre of Frankfurt am Main and admirable links to the local and country-wide railway networks.

The country

Once ‘The Economist’ described the German stance in EU politics as “stolid”. This epithet resounded in my mind throughout my journeys. It superbly fits the mark Germany leaves on a foreigner, no matter which visit to the country it is (mine was fourth). This very time I have grown weary of predictability and repeatability of the landscape, architecture, etc. Each town and city having a similar central train station, church, old town, sometimes castle, similar houses and block of flats. 

Little could impress me (such is my general mindset that fewer and fewer things can impress me – a disturbing sign?) and little would take my breath away, as the view from castle hill in Heidelberg (to the right) did. If any more is to be visited in this country, it is definitely Berlin (have ventured there so far, enough for a 3-day weekend and reachable by car or train), Munich and Bavaria land (a trip for a more extended weekend and it is more advisable to get there by plane).

Meanwhile in Poland…

On account of roaming around abroad I have missed out on the eavesdropping scandal unfolding. I have quickly caught up with both recordings of conversations between politicians (and businesspeople) and subsequent commentaries.

Michael in his post pleads he is outraged at the content and mostly form of dialogues between politicians and the nation is shocked by the released materials. I cannot renounce the feeling of indignation upon listening to the recordings, but I have not been taken aback by them. I could actually safely bet similar conversations have been held by politicians of PiS and SLD in times they were in charge of the country. What has been revealed is just the backstage of making politics, the murky underbelly no one would like to see. I would hazard a comparison to the most down-to-earth stuff – each and every one of us has to defecate, but no one would like to see a fellow man defecating. Politics consists of official part which can be witnessed by the public and of several unofficial talks that facilitate pursuing it. The other story is how the private and public spheres mix up, since if meetings and conversations are ‘private’ and the dinner during which they are held is paid from ‘public’ purse, something is amiss.

Michael is also disgusted by the foul language used by statesmen he considered gentlemen. Maybe this is a matter of upbringing, but I, born and bred in Poland, have long taken it for granted folks from all walks of life swear in Poland. Swear words flow from mouths of politicians, businessmen, scholars, doctors, rank-and-files and coarse drunkards. The old and the young, women and men, in the sticks and at the heart of capital, almost everyone swears. The matter of culture is only refraining from being foul-mouth when necessary. I pledge to avoid foul language when women are around, when I talk to a person I know does not swear, in official situations, but my more-or-less official or strictly private conservations with some of my workmates or friends sound similarly abhorrently as those eavesdropped in Warsaw’s posh restaurants. If my conscience is not crystal clear, I may not feel entitled to condemn anyone for using foul language. The prime minister Tusk who has once also pledged to swear like a trooper is not going to hold anyone accountable for the form of language used.

Now dear readers, I will stoop as low, as eavesdropped members of the government did and enjoy the off-the-record part of the posting. Needless to say, minister Sikorski is an ordinary lout (zwyczajny cham) who, no one can deny it to him, just mastered to perfection the art of feigned politeness. Overwhelming majority of my interlocutors with who I have discussed the issue, share my view that impeccable manners of Mr Sikorski are grossly overrated. What matters is how you behave and what you say casually, while what you pretend to do in public just reflects upon how good your acting skills are. Mr Sikorski definitely can skilfully play out a well-brought-up gentleman. Nevertheless, the recorded conversation between him and Mr Rostowski casts favourable light on his shrewdness and political wisdom and actually he scored a point with me for realpolitik-grounded view on Poland’s relations with the United States. The words of “worthless alliance between Poland and the United States” and us doing a blow-job to Americans are home truth. The very situation bears out, again, diplomacy is the art of lying and reaction of the US diplomats who reaffirmed strength of the strategic alliance with Poland also confirms this old adage. I seriously doubt Mr Sikorski’s revealed conservation will noticeably spoil relations between the US and Poland, I would not be even stunned to learn Mr Sikorski would have gained some esteem with his US counterparts for not being a starry-eyed sucker.

If it was not greed but lack of fear which caused the financial crisis, it was not lust for power but lack of humility which was a nail to the coffin of Mr Nowak’s political career which has now come to a bitter and irretrievable end. May his example serve as a forewarning for all young, up-and-coming guys lured to shiny world of politics, tempted by visions of expensive dinners, slick suits and official taxpayer-funded trips to distant places. The temptations to use political connections to pursue one’s own interests and to feather one’s nest are strong, yet we must not forget a politician is a public servant. Growing complacent and losing self-preservation instinct is the first step towards dragging oneself down, no matter if you are a top-rank politician or a rank-and-file worker in a corporation…

The one whose reputation came out probably the most burnt and bruised from the scandal is the governor of the central bank, Marek Belka. In the light of prevalence of the foul language in Poland, I can only draw a veil over frequency of using swear words by him. Deplorably, the substance of some parts of the conversation resembles a chat between tanked-up fifteen-year-old lads. I would never suspect Mr Belka of discussing lengths of several men’s penises…

Whose penis is shorter and whose longer is a matter of minor importance, although some claim those who have small penises tend to drive bigger cars ;-) The pivot of the conversation between the head of central bank and minister of internal affairs, highlighted in the scripts that first leaked to the media, had been the discussion how the central bank could help the government finance the budget deficit before the parliamentary election in 2015 and prevent victory of PiS. Cross my heart, from what I have read I cannot make out what the men meant and how the central bank could help out the government. The discussion, unclear, casual and full of understatements, has turned water to the mill of several journalists and politicians, many of who, as I noticed, not necessarily comprehend the heart of the problem. From my perspective, if we are to assess whether potential violation of law occurred, we have to take into considerations three situations when a central bank can have government bonds on its balance sheet. Here we go with a crash course!

Firstly, budget deficit financing may take place if the central bank buys government bonds on primary market, i.e. the central bank comes in when government bonds are auctioned off and purchases them while they are issued. Such reprehensible moves in all civilised economies are prohibited by law and known as debt monetisation. The central bank, as the only issuer of money, increases supply of money which is not accompanied by rise in output, hence expanded monetary base results in increased inflation and decreases real value of government debt. Upshot: the government is better off, everyone else is worse off and double-crossed by the central bank and the government.

Secondly, the central bank can purchase bonds on secondary market from commercial banks. From the government the operation means a change of creditor and does not directly aid the government. Such actions are kind of controversial, but have been widely undertaken by the Fed, the ECB (to the right, the building, where those bastards who slashed deposit rate below zero have their headquarters, fenced off to prevent bad people from trespassing the decision-making space), the Bank of England. The purpose of such moves is to remove from banks balance sheets securities and convert them into cash in order to enhance liquidity or encourage banks to lend money. The side effect of such operations is that increased demand for treasury securities from the central bank decreases yields and hence brings down borrowing costs for the government. Securities bought up usually have long maturities (more than 10 years) in order to avoid the roll-over (refinancing) risk, as if it materialised, the situation would easily evolve into variant one.

Incidentally, the ECB will soon move to a new, posher skyscraper, top-centre on the photo to the right, seen from the viewing platform at the top of Main Tower… If anyone is to ask where they had the money from to build such huge edifice, the answer is simple – as an exclusive money issuer they have printed it. Printing money is a very serious task, hence it requires appropriate premises…

Thirdly, the central bank may engage in Repo transactions with commercial banks. This manoeuvre is from a borrower’s (commercial bank’s) perspective a purely collateralised loan – i.e. a central bank lends money against government bonds, although technically it buys securities from commercial banks (spot leg) and agrees to sell them back at a later date (forward leg). Repo transactions are aimed at regulating liquidity in the banking sector and have nothing to do with financing government debt.

I gather the first variant is out of question, the second is a contentious measure, while the third does not require any further attention.

The excuse for mentioning the plausible aid of the central bank was the threat of PiS winning the election and subsequent economic disaster… I am far from supporting PiS and also not think their victory would be best for Poland but this is a step too far. We live in democracy and make-up of the parliament lies in the hands of voters. If they decide PiS is to glean the highest number of seats in the parliament, their choice deserves due respect! The very victory of PiS will not be a disaster. It is not the case which party is in power (although perception among investors does matter), what really matters are decisions it takes.

For the very end, let’s dissect the line of defence the prime minister Tusk has taken. He will not dismiss any of the eavesdropped officials nor will hold anyone accountable for use of foul language. All the recorded government members in unison claim the Polish state has been attacked by an “organised criminal group” and it will not succumb to it. The public is thus to be focused on culprits who recorded the dismal talks in restaurants, not on the substance of allegedly private conversations (which by the way show Mr Belka, Mr Sienkiewicz, Mr Sikorski and other ‘victims’ are just regular guys, behaving like ordinary Poles when they get drunk). The timing of releasing the recordings is puzzling. Euro-election is over, local elections are due in half a year, holiday season sets in. Are the recent government’s plan to prop up ailing coal mines in Poland by curbing imports of cheap coal from Russia the real reason? I firmly believe the waiters who admitted to have installed bugs have just grabbed the opportunity to cash in on knowledge they could come into possession thanks to microphones in VIP rooms. They are just cogs in a larger machine and the plan is masterminded by someone much more cunning that people who make the headlines these days. The only problem is that the purpose for which the machine is running, remains unknown…

An uncanny gift to drop bricks?

The organisers of the celebrations of the fall of Berlin Wall probably have not made allowances for the elements of chaos brought in by the former Polish president.

Lech Wałęsa, one of the most distinguished figures associated with the resistance against communism, as an icon of the Polish movement had the honour to push the first block of domino symbolising the wall which carved up the city. He pushed the block briskly and stepped back, knocking down a cameraman, but it could have happened to anyone…

Later on, in his speech he used a word “dyrdymały” to describe the content of the speeches of his predecessors, who insufficiently underlined Poland’s contribution in the downfall of the iron curtain. For everyone who knows the leader of strikes in Gdańsk shipyard it should not have come as a surprise.

In line with the diplomatic protocol each of the politicians spoke in their mother tongue. Some, like French and Russian presidents addressed the Germans in a few words in the hosts’ language. Our president, in spite of his long experience in politics, still has not mastered the difficult art of expressing himself. He should, however, realise his words are straight away interpreted into other languages. As I heard about dyrdymały, I immediately thought about the way of translating the phrase into English. I quickly came up with “talk rubbish”, which was later confirmed by my new Oxford PWN dictionary. The problem is that “talk rubbish” is not an example of official language, so the interpreter was put on the spot by the speaker. As the German interpreter rightly said “in such situation there is no time for thinking”. It seemed that the German who interpreted Wałęsa’s word into his native language knew the colloquial Polish word and as he claimed, had managed to get out of the slightly embarrassing situation and interpreted dyrdymały as “travialties”.

The missteps of our “silver-tongued” president are a good example of a challenge for the interpreters and translators. The former ones are in an unenviable position – I would not like to be in their shoes when Wałęsa speaks. The latter are also given a headache by the former president – as those who translate are not native Poles, they have to consult Poles to figure out what Wałęsa meant. But we can also get lost in the maze of the bizarre metaphors used by the man who had his part in tearing down the Berlin Wall…

The wall torn down

Even tough I’m pressed for time I can’t fail to mention the 20th anniversary of one of the most significant moments in the history of 20th century. Twenty years the inhabitants of East Berlin in the spontaneous act began to pull down the wall dividing the city and the Europe. The wall erected in 1961 symbolised not only the iron curtain, but also highlighted the weakness of the system. The concrete wall and barbed wire fence had to keep the East Germans in the socialist country, there was nothing else to prevent them from fleeing the oppressive system. The same frailty of the system gave rise to the fall of the Berlin Wall. The concrete, 156 kilometre long barrier, although it encircled West Berlin, indeed fenced off East part of the city. The Western one was free, the eastern enslaved…

Scrap-bonus…

...is the next abortive idea highlighted on this blog. Preconceived just across our western border by our biggest trade partner. The economists torn a strip off the new project, but even in spite of the pubic disapproval of the initiative, it gained staggering popularity and was prolonged until the end of the year.

Has any of you ever received a gift for which you had had to pay? That sounds only ludicrously, in fact occurs more often than you’d think. The scrap-bonus is nothing but a kind of gift given by the ruling grand coalition to the voters (general elections in Germany will be held this year). Attempts to bolster up the economy before elections are nothing abnormal, you probably are familiar with the theory of political business cycle – but the psychologists point at another aspect of the bonus – the Germans feel they pay too high taxes, the bonus is for some of them a substitute of supposedly due tax return. Pulling back some of the paid tax looks like a method of outwitting local IRS, they point out.

Undoubtedly, as everything financed from the public purse it’s their money, redistributed in an unfair way. The governmental advocates of the programme argue it’s in a way financed by the extra revenues from value added tax, but the independent experts have no illusions – to find funds to provide for the bonuses the government will have to either go into debt or raise the indirect taxes. Whatever it chooses, the taxpayers would be the ones to pay for it, sooner, or later.

Who’s to lose, who’s to gain? – The attempt to answer this question stirs up more troubles than it would seem. The middle class seems to be the key beneficiary of the undertaking – the lower tier’s representatives usually can’t afford to buy a brand new car, but still pay taxes, the richest citizens in the German progressive taxation system shell out, but probably won’t replace their cars with the new ones under the project, for obvious reasons. Among the beneficiaries one can see car dealers, who don’t have to grant discounts and can take the profits, workers employed in the car assembly plants – incidentally mostly abroad, where the autos sold under the programme (the smallest and cheapest ones) are produced.

Counting up the costs apart from 5 billions Euro earmarked for it one cannot omit costs of scrapping and all bureaucracy necessary to serve the whole process.

Why does the car industry? – the next question coming to my mind. Decision-makers point out every seventh position in the industry can be saved through it. Drop in orders for cars would trigger a ripple effect – firstly the car factories and assemblies are closed down then the falling demand hits its all their suppliers and subcontractors, such wave of redundancies reduces in turn the purchasing power of society and sends the economies sliding…

The German government has already made a decision to bring down the one of the thresholds in the taxation system. Since that will the taxpayer, whose annual gross earnings exceed sixty thousand Euro be classified as rich (these days monthly salary in Germany averages out around 3.100 Euro gross). As said by one journalist that’s the next measure to impoverish the German middle class.

Neither of the politicians cares what’s going to happen in the next year. Everybody agrees the bonus must not be prolonged, so in 2010 car sales are to slump! In eight months German economy will not have already recovered from the recession and the end of the scrap-action will inevitably be a blow…

Meanwhile thousands of German visit Poland to buy brand new cars in our salon (interesting why aren’t the forced to buy it in their homeland), additionally profiting from still favourable exchange rates. Meanwhile my mind boggles at the view of German scrap yards full of quite decent vehicles (car produced in 1999 unless it was crashed is still roadworthy!). Supporters of the bonus accentuate that key aim of the project is replacing the old cars with environmental-friendly ones (at what expense?!). Meanwhile other industries have already followed suit – one can get a discount when buying a new bicycle, washing machine, etc., provided he/she gives the previous item back to the shop. Meanwhile the old cars land in scrap yards instead of being sold to Poland and other new EU member states. Poland has already become a scrap yard – according to the recent report on used cars market in Poland, the ones at least ten years old account for almost a half of the registered vehicles (exactly 44,21% - data from March 2009, provided by Samar). If such bonus was introduced in Poland, every second car-owner could get such bonus, but knowing our consumers’ habits only twenty per cent would be able to lay out the remaining sum in cash… Thank God our government keeps away from such unreasonable methods of stimulating demand…

To my mind… Except for the thoughtless waste of public money, which is taxpayers’ money in fact, scrap bonus is an unfair redistribution of common income. I wouldn’t like to finance from my money the purchase of a new car made by my neighbour. If he wishes to buy it, may he pay for it!

But on the other side of the coin there are the ones who really deserved. If somebody buys always a brand new car, maintains it for more than ten years, he should get it… For persistence!